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Image Credit: 2026 Zhang et al., Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences
Ancient Vietnamese Dyed Their Teeth Black 2000 Years Ago
Archaeologists studying human remains from northern Vietnam have discovered that intentional tooth blackening dates back at least 2,000 years, far earlier than previously documented.
The research focused on skeletons from the Dong Xa site in the Red River delta, an Iron Age settlement occupied between about 550 BC and AD 50. Many of the burials showed unusual dark tooth coloration. To determine its origin, scientists analyzed dental enamel using non-destructive chemical techniques.
The results revealed high concentrations of iron oxide along with traces of iron and sulfur, indicating the use of iron salts. Researchers conclude that people deliberately applied an iron-based compound—likely mixed with plant materials rich in tannins—to produce a permanent black color. The chemical reaction between tannins and iron creates a durable dark coating that remains visible for life.
Ethnographic comparisons suggest the process probably required repeated applications over days or weeks, followed by occasional maintenance. The practice is still observed in parts of Southeast Asia today, although the materials and procedures have evolved.
The discovery provides the first direct archaeological confirmation linking ancient blackened teeth to modern cultural traditions. While the original purpose remains uncertain, it may have been connected to aesthetics, social identity, or customs associated with betel-nut chewing.
Researchers note that the widespread availability of iron tools during the Iron Age likely contributed to the spread of this distinctive cultural practice.
Published on: 21-02-2026
Edited by: Abdulmnam Samakie
Source: Live Science